Iranian sources didn’t view the practice of steppe shamanism as incompatible with monotheistic Islam and did not include it in works of heresiography. It was understood as a collection of methods or spiritual technologies rather than a religious faith.
references
Islamic heresiography does not take shamanism into consideration. In other words, shamanism was not seen as a religion. The Muslims thought of it more as a medical and divinatory discipline than as a system of religious representations.
⤷ The Mongol Empire Between Myth and Reality, Denise Aigle