Title: “Martian Ecologies and the Future of Nature”
Author(s): Ursula K. Heise
Date: 2011
What are human rights and responsibilities in the face of a landscape without life (or only some lowly remnants of life doomed to slow extinction)? What can a … “land ethic” or “conservation” mean in such a context? Do the inanimate parts of nature have any claim on an environmental ethic even in the absence of any biological life? How do humans relate to an environment whose biology and ecology will essentially have to be of their own making?